What Is avian flu and why should you be concerned?

Avian flu (also known as avian influenza or bird flu) is a viral infection caused by influenza type A viruses. It primarily affects wild birds and domestic poultry. The H5N1 strain is of particular concern due to its ability to spread rapidly and potentially infect non-avian species, including mammals like dogs and cats.

During outbreaks, the virus can spread through contact with infected birds, their droppings, feathers, or contaminated environments. Wild birds are the primary carriers, but backyard poultry and pet birds may also be at risk, especially during significant outbreaks.

Can dogs, cats, and pet birds get avian flu?

Dogs and cats can be infected with avian flu, although cases are rare. Pets are at risk if they come into contact with infected birds, droppings, or contaminated surfaces. Pets might be exposed through hunting or eating raw poultry or unpasteurized milk.

Pet birds are at much higher risk of contracting avian flu than dogs or cats, especially pet birds that live outdoors or come into contact with wild birds. They may be infected if exposed to wild birds, bird droppings, or contaminated feed and water. Birds kept indoors have a lower risk but can still be exposed if their food, bedding, or enclosures are contaminated.

What are the signs of avian flu in pets?

Dogs and cats: As cases are rare, the disease process is not fully understood. Infected dogs or cats may show non-specific signs, including:

  • Respiratory issues: Coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge
  • Conjunctivitis: Eye discharge and redness
  • Lethargy: Unusual tiredness or reluctance to move
  • Loss of appetite: Losing interest in food or water
  • Fever: A higher-than-normal body temperature
  • Neurological symptoms: Rare, but may include wobbliness or seizures

Pet birds: The symptoms of avian flu can vary based on the severity of the infection. Watch for:

  • Sudden death: Some strains, like H5N1, can be fatal in birds with little warning.
  • Respiratory symptoms: Coughing, nasal discharge, wheezing, or difficulty breathing
  • Swelling: Swelling of the head, neck, or eyes
  • Behavioral changes: Lethargy, decreased activity, or unusual behavior
  • Loss of appetite: Losing interest in food or water
  • Diarrhea
  • Reduced egg production: If your bird normally lays eggs, a sudden decrease in production could be a sign of illness
  • Neurological symptoms: Includes incoordination

If you notice any of these symptoms in your pets or birds, contact your veterinarian immediately. Early detection and treatment are critical.

How can we protect dogs, cats, and pet birds from avian flu?

Taking preventative measures can help protect your furry or feathered pets from avian flu.

Dogs and Cats

  1. Limit Contact with Birds:
    • Prevent pets from interacting with wild birds, bird droppings, or bird feeders.
    • Keep dogs on a leash and supervise outdoor activities.
  2. Supervise Outdoor Time:
    • Keep cats indoors, especially during outbreaks, to reduce hunting of infected birds.
    • Monitor dogs in your yard to ensure they don’t interact with birds or contaminated areas.
  3. Practice Good Hygiene:
    • Clean and disinfect pet food and water bowls regularly, especially those kept outside.
    • Wash your hands thoroughly after handling birds, bird feeders, or any outdoor surfaces that might be contaminated.
  4. Avoid Feeding Pets Raw Poultry or Unpasteurized (Raw) Milk:
    • Refrain from giving your pets raw or undercooked poultry products or raw milk, as they can harbor viruses and bacteria.
Lastly, we at Pet Health Center are always here to help you if you have questions or concerns about your pets. Do not hesitate to reach out to us.